EXPERTS Act of 2025
Latest action: Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. (2025-11-19)
View the official record →In plain English
What this bill does
The EXPERTS Act of 2025 would change how federal agencies write regulations by requiring people who submit scientific, economic, or technical studies during rulemaking to disclose who funded them and any related financial conflicts of interest. It also adds new transparency steps (such as publishing studies, disclosing changes made during White House review, and explaining withdrawn rules), sets deadlines for agency action and review, creates a statute of limitations and an Office of the Public Advocate, and directs courts to defer to agencies' reasonable interpretations of ambiguous statutes.
Who it affects
It would most affect federal regulatory agencies and the businesses, researchers, and organizations that submit studies or comments during rulemaking, as well as members of the public who try to participate in or challenge regulations.
Key points
- Requires anyone submitting funded or non-peer-reviewed studies in rulemaking to disclose funding sources, sponsors, who reviewed the research, and financial relationships, with public disclosure of conflicts.
- Creates civil penalties (at least $250,000, rising to $1 million for repeat violations) for publicly traded companies that knowingly submit false or misleading information to agencies.
- Directs courts to defer to an agency's reasonable interpretation of ambiguous laws and defines when agency delay is 'unreasonable,' while setting a 6-year limit to challenge final agency actions.
- Restricts negotiated rulemaking to negotiations between Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments and repeals it in several existing statutes; sets 60-day (extendable 30-day) deadlines for White House OIRA review.
- Establishes an Office of the Public Advocate to boost public participation and social-equity analysis, requires agencies to respond to petitions with over 100,000 signatures, and allows reinstatement of some previously disapproved rules.
Plain-English summary generated by AI from the official record. Neutral by design; verify against the official text linked above.
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1 · Your position
If you support this
Supporting this bill means backing new disclosure rules for funded studies, penalties for false submissions, court deference to agency interpretations, deadlines for agency and White House action, and a new office and tools aimed at expanding public participation in rulemaking.
If you oppose this
Opposing this bill means keeping the current rulemaking system without these added disclosure requirements, penalties, deadlines, court-deference standard, and new public-participation structures.
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